Financial education for retirement in postgraduate students at the College of Postgraduates

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58299/mica.v8i16.103

Keywords:

savings, financial education, retirement, pensions, planning

Abstract

In Mexico, the individual account system managed by AFORE requires young people to take responsibility for their retirement savings, which is a relevant background given the low level of retirement planning reported in recent studies. The identified problem is the limited retirement preparedness among graduate students. The objective was to analyze the relationship between financial education and retirement behavior. A quantitative and descriptive study was conducted, using primary source data, a non-experimental and cross-sectional design; a structured questionnaire was administered to a sample of 41 students. The analysis used descriptive statistics and indices of knowledge and pension behavior. The results show intermediate knowledge about the pension system among students, but low participation in pension-related practices, especially in voluntary contributions. It is concluded that financial education does not guarantee pension actions without favorable economic and institutional conditions.

References

Angel, J.L., Vega, W., & López-Ortega, M. (2016). Aging in Mexico: Population Trends and Emerging Issues. The Gerontologist, 57(2), 153–162. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnw136

Atkinson, A., & Messy, F. (2012). Measuring financial literacy: Results of the OECD/International Network on Financial Education (INFE) pilot study. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/5k9csfs90fr4-en

García, O. (2021). The effect of financial literacy and gender on retirement planning among young adults. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 39(7), 1068–1090. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-10-2020-0518

Hershey, D.A., & Mowen, J.C. (2000). Psychological determinants of financial preparedness for retirement. Gerontologist, 40(6), 687-97. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/40.6.687

Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2011). Financial literacy and planning: Implications for retirement wellbeing. In O. S. Mitchell & A. Lusardi (Eds.), Financial literacy: Implications for retirement security and the financial marketplace (pp. 17–39). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199696819.003.0002

Nogueira, M.C., Almeida, L., & Oliveira, F. (2025). Financial Literacy, Financial Knowledge, and Financial Behaviors in OECD Countries. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 18(3), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm18030167

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2016). Pensions at a Glance: Latin America and the Caribbean. OECD Publishing.

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2022). OECD/INFE toolkit for measuring financial literacy and financial inclusion 2022. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. https://www.oecd.org/financial/education/2022-INFE-Toolkit-Measuring-Finlit-Financial-Inclusion.pdf

Ramos, J. J., García, A., & Moreno, E. (2017). Educación financiera: una aproximación teórica desde la percepción, conocimiento, habilidad y uso y aplicación de los instrumentos financieros. Revista INFAD de Psicología, 2(2), 267–278. https://doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2017.n2.v2.888

Ramos-Hernández, J. J., García-Santillán, A., & Molchanova, V. (2020). Financial literacy level on college students: A comparative descriptive analysis between Mexico and Colombia. European Journal of Contemporary Education, 9(1), 126–144. https://doi.org/10.13187/ejced.2020.1.126

Rofman, R., & Lucchetti, L. (1 de noviembre, 2006). Sistemas de pensiones en América Latina: conceptos y mediciones de cobertura. Social Protection Discussion Paper, 0616. Banco Mundial. https://documentos.bancomundial.org/es/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/845271468300572277

Sistema de Ahorro para el Retiro. (2021). ¿Qué es una AFORE? https://www.gob.mx/consar

Téllez-Delgado, R., Mora-Flores, J. S., Martínez-Damián, M. A., García-Mata, R. y García-Salazar, J. A. (2012). Caracterización del consumidor de carne bovina en la zona metropolitana del Valle de México. Agrociencia, 46(1), 75-86. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/302/30223126007.pdf

Zamora, T. (2021). Savings for retirement and the millennial generation in Mexico: Perception about the importance of having a retirement fund. Revista INFAD de Psicología, 1(1), 243–257. https://doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2021.n1.v1.2061

Published

2025-12-30

How to Cite

Díaz Castro, F., & Pérez Hernández , L. M. . (2025). Financial education for retirement in postgraduate students at the College of Postgraduates. Matemáticas, Ingeniería Y Ciencias Ambientales, 8(16). https://doi.org/10.58299/mica.v8i16.103